दुनियाभर में हर साल अलग-अलग भाषाओं में क़रीब 5 लाख फ़िल्में बनती हैं. आज फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री दुनिया के सबसे बड़े कारोबार में से एक है. हॉलीवुड हो या बॉलीवुड इस कारोबार से करोड़ों लोगों को रोज़गार मिल रहा है. हॉलीवुड के बाद भारत की बॉलीवुड दुनिया की सबसे बड़ी फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री में शुमार है. बॉलीवुड में हर साल 1000 से अधिक फ़िल्में बनती हैं जो दुनिया में सबसे अधिक है. यही कारण है कि आज बॉलीवुड की ब्रांड वैल्यू 183 अरब डॉलर से अधिक है. दुनिया के अलग अलग देशों में फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री को हॉलीवुड, बॉलीवुड, टॉलीवुड जैसे नामों से जाना जाता है.
भारत में अलग-अलग भाषाओं की फ़िल्में बनती हैं. इसलिए फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री बॉलीवुड, कॉलीवुड, टॉलीवुड और लॉलीवुड नामों से जानी जाती हैं. लेकिन क्या आपने कभी सोचा है कि बॉलीवुड और हॉलीवुड के आख़िर में ‘वुड’ शब्द का इस्तेमाल क्यों होता है? चलिए जानते हैं आख़िर ये ‘वुड’ शब्द आया कहां से है और इसकी शुरुआत कब हुई थी?
कुछ ऐसे हुई थी ‘वुड’ शब्द की शुरुआत
हॉलीवुड (Hollywood), बॉलीवुड (Bollywood), लॉलीवुड (Lollywood) के अंत में ‘वुड’ शब्द इस्तेमाल करने की शुरुआत सबसे पहले अमेरिका में हुई थी. इस शब्द की शुरुआत एच.जे. व्हिटली (H.J. Whitley) ने की थी, जिन्हें ‘हॉलीवुड फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री’ का जनक भी कहा जाता है. अमेरिकन फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री का नाम ‘हॉलीवुड’ रखने के पीछे एक दिलचस्प कहानी है.
दरअसल, हॉलीवुड, अमेरिका के लॉस एंजेलिस शहर में स्थित एक ज़िला है. इसी के नाम पर एच.जे. व्हिटली (H.J. Whitley) ने अमेरिकन फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री का नाम ‘हॉलीवुड’ रखा था. सन 1903 में हॉलीवुड ज़िले को नगर पालिका का दर्जा दिया गया था. इसके बाद सन 1910 में इसे लॉस एंजिल्स शहर में मिला दिया गया. समय के साथ लॉस एंजिल्स प्रमुख फ़िल्म उद्योग के रूप में उभरा और हॉलीवुड (Hollywood) का नाम दुनियाभर में मशहूर हो गया.
अमेरिकन फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री (हॉलीवुड) की शुरुआत
सन 1908 में पहली बार फ़्लोरिडा में क़रीब 30 कंपनियों फ़िल्म निर्माण का कार्य शुरू किया. सन 1911 में लॉस एंजिल्स फ़िल्म निर्माण की हुई. हॉलीवुड में पहला स्टूडियो ‘नेस्टर फ़िल्म कंपनी’ का बना था. इसके बाद 1912 में फ़्लोरिडा की सभी फ़िल्म निर्माण कंपनियां लॉस एंजिल्स शिफ्ट हो गयीं. सन 1912 के बाद हॉलीवुड फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री में बड़े पैमाने पर फ़िल्में बनने लगी. कुछ ही सालों में हॉलीवुड फ़िल्में दुनियाभर में मशहूर हो गईं.
हिंदी सिनेमा (बॉलीवुड) की शुरुआत
इसके बाद सन 1960 में हॉलीवुड की तर्ज़ पर भारत में बॉम्बे (मुंबई) शहर के नाम पर बॉलीवुड (Bollywood) की शुरुआत हुई. हिन्दी फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री को ‘बॉलीवुड’ के नाम से जाना जाता है. बॉम्बे (मुंबई) सिनेमा का गढ़ होने की वजह से हिंदी सिनेमा इंडस्ट्री का नाम ‘बॉलीवुड’ रखा गया था. इसी तरह पाकिस्तान का लाहौर शहर ‘फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री’ का गढ़ माना जाता है. इसी के नाम पर ‘पाकिस्तानी फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री’ का नाम ‘लॉलीवुड’ रखा गया है. ‘लॉलीवुड’ में पंजाबी और उर्दू भाषा की फ़िल्में बनती हैं.
भारत में हिंदी ही नहीं, बल्कि कई अन्य भाषाओं में भी हर साल सैकड़ों फ़िल्में बनती हैं. तमिल फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री को ‘कॉलीवुड’ के नाम से जाना जाता है. जबकि तेलुगु फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री को ‘टॉलीवुड’ के नाम से जाना जाता है. वहीं कन्नड़ फ़िल्म इंडस्ट्री ‘सेंडलवुड’ के नाम से जानी जाती है.
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